Hungarian Jews have existed since at least the 11th century. After struggling against discrimination throughout the Middle Ages, by the early 20th century the community grew to be 5% of Hungary's population (and 23% of the population of the capital, Budapest), and were prominent in areas of science, art and business.
Under communist rule, discrimination against the small remaining Jews still in Hungary continued as Zionism was banned and the number of Jews shrank to even smaller levels.
Today between 50,000 and 100,000 Jews live in Hungary, mostly in Budapest. The inter-marriage rates for Jews is around 60%. There are many active synagogues in Hungary including the Dohány Street Synagogue, the second largest synagogue in Europe and one of the largest in the world.
